Heat stroke is a serious medical emergency that occurs when the body becomes dangerously overheated and can no longer regulate its temperature properly. It can happen after prolonged exposure to high temperatures or intense physical activity, especially during hot and humid weather. Without immediate treatment, heat stroke can cause permanent organ damage and may be life-threatening.
Signs and Symptoms of Heat Stroke
Common warning signs include:
- A very high body temperature, often 103°F (39.4°C) or higher
- Hot, red, or flushed skin
- Heavy sweating or, in some cases, hot and dry skin
- Severe headache
- Dizziness or weakness
- Nausea or vomiting
- Rapid heartbeat and breathing
- Confusion, unusual behavior, or difficulty speaking
- Fainting, seizures, or loss of consciousness
What to Do if Someone Has Heat Stroke
Heat stroke is a medical emergency. Call 911 immediately. While waiting for emergency medical help, move the person to a cool or shaded area and begin cooling them as quickly as possible. Remove unnecessary outer clothing and use cool water, wet towels, ice packs, or fans to help lower their body temperature. Ice packs can be placed around the neck, armpits, and groin.
Do not force a person who is confused, unconscious, vomiting, or unable to swallow safely to drink fluids. Stay with them and continue cooling efforts until emergency medical professionals arrive.
How to Help Prevent Heat Stroke
To reduce your risk:
- Drink plenty of water throughout the day.
- Avoid prolonged outdoor activity during the hottest hours of the day.
- Wear lightweight, loose-fitting, and breathable clothing.
- Take frequent breaks in shaded or air-conditioned areas.
- Never leave children, older adults, or pets inside a parked vehicle.
- Avoid excessive physical activity in extreme heat.
- Pay attention to early signs of heat-related illness, such as heavy sweating, headache, dizziness, nausea, and weakness.
Stay Safe During Hot Weather
Heat stroke can happen quickly and should always be taken seriously. Staying hydrated, limiting exposure to extreme heat, and recognizing the warning signs can help prevent a dangerous emergency.
If you have concerns about how heat may affect your health, especially if you have a chronic medical condition or take medications that may increase your risk of heat-related illness, speak with a healthcare professional. Prevention and early action can make a life-saving difference.
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