Pneumonia is a lung infection that inflames the air sacs (alveoli) in one or both lungs. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi and can range from mild to severe, even becoming life-threatening for certain groups, including young children, the elderly, and people with weakened immune systems.
Symptoms of Pneumonia
Common symptoms include:
- Persistent cough, often with mucus
- Fever and chills
- Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
- Chest pain, especially during deep breathing or coughing
- Fatigue and muscle aches
Causes and Risk Factors
Pneumonia can be spread through respiratory droplets, making close contact with infected individuals a risk factor. In addition to viral and bacterial infections, factors like smoking, chronic lung diseases, or weakened immunity increase the likelihood of contracting pneumonia.
Prevention Tips
Vaccination is a key preventive measure against some types of pneumonia, such as pneumococcal pneumonia. Practicing good hygiene, avoiding smoking, and managing underlying health conditions can also help reduce the risk.
While pneumonia is often treatable with antibiotics, antivirals, or supportive care, severe cases may require hospitalization. If symptoms are persistent or worsening, seeking medical attention is crucial to managing pneumonia effectively.
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